Scaffoldig: NIME Music box - Lidstrument

    For my project, I have created an instrument I call the Lidstrument, due to the fact that the controls are placed on top of a jar like a lid. The instrument is made up of  a cardboard box, glass jar, a micro servo with wire and a toy ball attached, 3 potentiometers, and the circuit playground express.

Built prototype:                                                          Schematics:     

    

    Using the internal speaker of the Circuit Playground, the built-in left button will play a single note, while the built in right button will play a sequence of 5 notes within a five note range of the main note. The main note is defined by the left potentiometer, while the duration of the notes are defined by the right-top potentiometer. The speed of the micro servo is controlled by the right-side potentiometer.    

Video Demonstration:

Concept Creation

    For the concept of the instrument, I had originally wanted to use a number pad in order to be able to place certain sounds on each number, but I soon found out that the limitations of the Circuit Playground express prevented me from using it as well as other requirements such as the servo and the potentiometer, since the feedback from the number pad would have taken up nearly all of the analog ports. Due to this I made a revised concept version. I still wanted the user to be able to control which note they wanted to play, so I opted to use a potentiometer to replace the number pad. The revision is not in the same control layout in the drawing, but the overall form ended up being very similar.

First Concepts:

Revised Concept:

    Other than the digital controls, I knew we were required to have some type of acoustic sound produced by a servo, so I had decided that I would have the use a wire attached to a servo in order to produce the sound required. The wire by itself was not creating the desired amount of sound so I had added the toy ball after the concept phase so that there would be a louder clang against the glass.

Question:

Could my layout of the potentiometers and buttons be better?

Code:

#include <Adafruit_CircuitPlayground.h>

#include <Adafruit_Circuit_Playground.h>

#include <Servo.h>

#include "pitches.h"

//By Kaitlyn Monroe 2021

//Servo

Servo myServo;

//Constants=============================

//inputs/outputs-----------------------------------

const int speaker = 5;       // CP speaker output

const int beatPin = A3; //red- delay input

const int notePin = A2; //yellow - note input

const int servoPin = A1; //black - servo rotation output

const int spinPin = A7; //white -rotation control imput

//number of notes in melody----------------------------

const int numNotes = 5;

const int pauseDuration= 4;

 

//Variables:===========================

  //potentio reads-------------

  int beatvalue; //save beat potentio analog value

  int notevalue; //note range potentio

  int spinvalue; // servo rotation speed

  //note frequency range array----------

  

  int range[] = {

    31, 33, 35, 37, 39, 41, 44, 46, 49, 52, 55, 58, 62, 65, 69, 73, 78, 82, 87, 93, 98, 104, 110, 117, 123, 131, 139, 147, 156, 165, 175, 185, 196, 208, 220, 233, 247, 262, 277, 294, 311, 330, 349, 370, 392, 415, 440, 466, 494, 523, 554, 587, 622, 659, 698, 740, 784, 831, 880, 932, 988, 1047, 1109, 1175, 1245, 1319, 1397, 1480, 1568, 1661, 1760, 1865, 1976, 2093, 2217, 2349, 2489, 2637, 2794, 2960, 3136, 3322, 3520, 3729, 3951, 4186, 4435, 4699, 4978

  };

  //servo--------------

  int servoPos; //servo position

  int inc = 1;//position increments

 

  //button reads------------

  int LCurrent = 0;

  int LPrevious =0;

  int RCurrent = 0;

  int RPrevious =0;

//Timer=================================

  

  //servo timers--------

  unsigned long previousMillis = 0;        // will store last time servo was updated

  long interval = 0;           // interval at which to move (milliseconds)

 

  //note timers----------

  unsigned long lastPeriodStart = 0;        // will store last time note was updated

  long duration = 0;           // interval at which to play sound (milliseconds)

  unsigned long lastPeriodEnd = 0; 

//========================================================================

void setup() {

  // INT PLAYGROUND

  CircuitPlayground.begin();

  //INT SERIAL

  Serial.begin(9600);

  

  pinMode(speaker, OUTPUT);     // Output - speaker

  myServo.attach(servoPin);

  pinMode (beatPin, INPUT); // Input - metronome Potentio.

  pinMode (notePin, INPUT); // Input - note select Potentio.

  pinMode (spinPin,INPUT);// Input - servo rotation potentio.

  pinMode(CPLAY_LEFTBUTTON , INPUT_PULLDOWN);//Button A

  pinMode(CPLAY_RIGHTBUTTON , INPUT_PULLDOWN);//Button B

}

//========================================================================

void loop() {

  //set timer

  unsigned long currentMillis = millis();

  

  //read beat potentio-----------------------------------------------------------------

  beatvalue = analogRead(beatPin);   

  Serial.print (beatvalue);

  Serial.print ("   ");

  //Read and save analog value from potentiometer

  beatvalue = map(beatvalue, 0, 1023, 10, 1000); // affects delay in play tone

  duration = beatvalue;

  

   //read note potentio--------------------------------------------------------------

  notevalue = analogRead(notePin); 

  Serial.print (notevalue);

  Serial.print ("   "); //Read and save analog value from potentiometer

  notevalue = map(notevalue, 0, 1023, 0, 87); //88 potential notes

  int frequency = range [notevalue];

  

  

 //Check if L button is pressed--------------------------------------------------

  LCurrent = digitalRead(CPLAY_LEFTBUTTON);

  

  //when pressed toggle and play note 

    if (LCurrent == 1  && LPrevious == 0){

      //play note

  CircuitPlayground.playTone(frequency, duration);

  

  //update button read

    LCurrent = digitalRead(CPLAY_LEFTBUTTON);

  }

//set back to 0 when not pressed

   LPrevious = LCurrent;

// Check if R button is pressed---------------------------------------------------

RCurrent = digitalRead(CPLAY_RIGHTBUTTON);

if(RCurrent == 1 && RPrevious == 0) {   // play when we press the right button

  

    for (int thisNote = 0; thisNote < numNotes; thisNote++) { // play notes of the melody

    // calculate random notes for melody

      int randomNote = rand() % (4 + 1 - 0) + 0;

      int randFrequency = notevalue + randomNote;

     int randRange = range[randFrequency];

     //melody creation

  

      int melody[] = {

        frequency, randRange, randRange, randRange, randRange

       };

     //play melody

      CircuitPlayground.playTone(melody[thisNote], duration);

 

      //pause between notes

      int pauseBetweenNotes = pauseDuration;

      delay(pauseBetweenNotes);

    }

    //update button read

    RCurrent = digitalRead(CPLAY_RIGHTBUTTON);

  }

 //set back to 0 when not pressed

RPrevious = RCurrent;

    //read spin potentio-----------------------------------------------------------

  spinvalue = analogRead(spinPin);  

  Serial.print (spinvalue);

  Serial.println ("   "); //Read and save analog value from potentiometer

  spinvalue = map(spinvalue, 0, 1023, 1, 20); //maps 1-20 to affect delay of servo

  

  //reverse spin if at 180

  if(servoPos == 180) inc = -1;

  

  //reverse spin if at 0

  if(servoPos == 0) inc = 1;

  

// define interval

  interval = spinvalue;

  //use timer instead of delay to get constant movement

  

  if (currentMillis - previousMillis >= interval) {

    // save the last time 

    previousMillis = currentMillis;

    

    // continuous servo movement

     servoPos += inc;

     

     // write servo speed

     myServo.write(servoPos);

  }

}